[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":717},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects/":3,"navigation-en-us":35,"banner-en-us":463,"footer-en-us":480,"Jason Yavorska":690,"next-steps-en-us":702},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":25,"_id":28,"_type":29,"title":30,"_source":31,"_file":32,"_stem":33,"_extension":34},"/en-us/blog/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Setting up GitLab CI for Android projects","Learn how to set up GitLab CI to ensure your Android app compiles and passes tests.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749666699/Blog/Hero%20Images/banner.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"Setting up GitLab CI for Android projects\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Jason Yavorska\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2018-10-24\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"Jason Yavorska","2018-10-24","Note: This is a new version of a previously published blog post, updated for\nthe current Android API level (28). Thanks Grayson Parrelli for authoring\n[the original post](/blog/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects/)!\n\n{: .alert .alert-info}\n\n\nHave you ever accidentally checked on a typo that broke your Android build\nor unknowingly broke an important use case with a new change? Continuous\nintegration is a way for developers to avoid these headaches, allowing you\nto confirm that changes to your app compile, and your tests pass before\nthey're merged in.\n\n\n[GitLab CI/CD](/solutions/continuous-integration/) is a wonderful [continuous\nintegration](/blog/continuous-integration-delivery-and-deployment-with-gitlab/)\nbuilt-in solution, and in this post we'll walk through how to set up a basic\nconfig file (`.gitlab-ci.yml`) to ensure your Android app compiles and\npasses unit and functional tests. We assume that you know the process of\ncreating an Android app, can write and run tests locally, and are familiar\nwith the basics of the GitLab UI.\n\n\n## Our sample project\n\n\nWe'll be working with a real-world open source Android project called\n[Materialistic](https://github.com/hidroh/materialistic) to demonstrate how\neasy it is to get up and running with GitLab CI for Android. Materialistic\ncurrently uses Travis CI with GitHub, but switching over is a breeze. If you\nhaven't seen Materialistic before, it's a fantastic open source Android\nreader for [Hacker News](https://news.ycombinator.com).\n\n\n### Testing\n\n\n[Unit\ntests](https://developer.android.com/training/testing/unit-testing/index.html)\nare the fundamental tests in your app testing strategy, from which you can\nverify that the logic of individual units is correct. They are a fantastic\nway to catch regressions when making changes to your app. They run directly\non the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), so you don't need an actual Android\ndevice to run them.\n\n\nIf you already have working unit tests, you shouldn't have to make any\nadjustments to have them work with GitLab CI. Materialistic uses\n[Robolectric](http://robolectric.org/) for tests,\n[Jacoco](https://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/) for coverage, and also has a\nlinting pass. We'll get all of these easily running in our `.gitlab-ci.yml`\nexample except for Jacoco, since that requires a secret token we do not have\n- though I will show you how to configure that in your own projects.\n\n\n## Setting up GitLab CI\n\n\nWe want to be able to configure our project so that our app is built, and it\nhas the complete suite of tests run upon check-in. To do so, we have to\ncreate our GitLab CI configuration file, called `.gitlab-ci.yml`, and place\nit in the root of our project.\n\n\nSo, first things first: If you're just here for a snippet to copy-paste,\nhere is a `.gitlab-ci.yml` that will build and test the Materialistic app:\n\n\n```yml\n\nimage: openjdk:8-jdk\n\n\nvariables:\n  ANDROID_COMPILE_SDK: \"28\"\n  ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS: \"28.0.2\"\n  ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS:   \"4333796\"\n\nbefore_script:\n  - apt-get --quiet update --yes\n  - apt-get --quiet install --yes wget tar unzip lib32stdc++6 lib32z1\n  - wget --quiet --output-document=android-sdk.zip https://dl.google.com/android/repository/sdk-tools-linux-${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS}.zip\n  - unzip -d android-sdk-linux android-sdk.zip\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"platforms;android-${ANDROID_COMPILE_SDK}\" >/dev/null\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"platform-tools\" >/dev/null\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"build-tools;${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS}\" >/dev/null\n  - export ANDROID_HOME=$PWD/android-sdk-linux\n  - export PATH=$PATH:$PWD/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/\n  - chmod +x ./gradlew\n  # temporarily disable checking for EPIPE error and use yes to accept all licenses\n  - set +o pipefail\n  - yes | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses\n  - set -o pipefail\n\nstages:\n  - build\n  - test\n\nlintDebug:\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew -Pci --console=plain :app:lintDebug -PbuildDir=lint\n\nassembleDebug:\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew assembleDebug\n  artifacts:\n    paths:\n    - app/build/outputs/\n\ndebugTests:\n  stage: test\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew -Pci --console=plain :app:testDebug\n```\n\n\nWell, that's a lot of code! Let's break it down.\n\n\n### Understanding `.gitlab-ci.yml`\n\n\n#### Defining the Docker Image\n\n{:.special-h4}\n\n\n```yml\n\nimage: openjdk:8-jdk\n\n```\n\n\nThis tells [GitLab Runners](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/runners/) (the\nthings that are executing our build) what [Docker\nimage](https://hub.docker.com/explore/) to use. If you're not familiar with\n[Docker](https://hub.docker.com/), the TL;DR is that Docker provides a way\nto create a completely isolated version of a virtual operating system\nrunning in its own\n[container](https://www.sdxcentral.com/cloud/containers/definitions/what-is-docker-container-open-source-project/).\nAnything running inside the container thinks it has the whole machine to\nitself, but in reality there can be many containers running on a single\nmachine. Unlike full virtual machines, Docker containers are super fast to\ncreate and destroy, making them great choices for setting up temporary\nenvironments for building and testing.\n\n\nThis [Docker image (`openjdk:8-jdk`)](https://hub.docker.com/_/openjdk/)\nworks perfectly for our use case, as it is just a barebones installation of\nDebian with Java pre-installed. We then run additional commands further down\nin our config to make our image capable of building Android apps.\n\n\n#### Defining variables\n\n\n```yml\n\nvariables:\n  ANDROID_COMPILE_SDK: \"28\"\n  ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS: \"28.0.2\"\n  ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS:   \"4333796\"\n```\n\n\nThese are variables we'll use throughout our script. They're named to match\nthe properties you would typically specify in your app's `build.gradle`.\n\n\n- `ANDROID_COMPILE_SDK` is the version of Android you're compiling with. It\nshould match `compileSdkVersion`.\n\n- `ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS` is the version of the Android build tools you are\nusing. It should match `buildToolsVersion`.\n\n- `ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS` is a little funny. It's what version of the command\nline tools we're going to download from the [official\nsite](https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html). So, that number\nreally just comes from the latest version available there.\n\n\n#### Installing packages\n\n{:.special-h4}\n\n\n```yml\n\nbefore_script:\n  - apt-get --quiet update --yes\n  - apt-get --quiet install --yes wget tar unzip lib32stdc++6 lib32z1\n```\n\n\nThis starts the block of the commands that will be run before each job in\nour config.\n\n\nThese commands ensure that our package repository listings are up to date,\nand it installs packages we'll be using later on, namely: `wget`, `tar`,\n`unzip`, and some packages that are necessary to allow 64-bit machines to\nrun Android's 32-bit tools.\n\n\n#### Installing the Android SDK\n\n\n```yml\n  - wget --quiet --output-document=android-sdk.zip https://dl.google.com/android/repository/sdk-tools-linux-${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS}.zip\n  - unzip -d android-sdk-linux android-sdk.zip\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"platforms;android-${ANDROID_COMPILE_SDK}\" >/dev/null\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"platform-tools\" >/dev/null\n  - echo y | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager \"build-tools;${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS}\" >/dev/null\n```\n\n\nHere we're downloading the Android SDK tools from their official location,\nusing our `ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS` variable to specify the version. Afterwards,\nwe're unzipping the tools and running a series of `sdkmanager` commands to\ninstall the necessary Android SDK packages that will allow our app to build.\n\n\n#### Setting up the environment\n\n\n```yml\n  - export ANDROID_HOME=$PWD/android-sdk-linux\n  - export PATH=$PATH:$PWD/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/\n  - chmod +x ./gradlew\n  # temporarily disable checking for EPIPE error and use yes to accept all licenses\n  - set +o pipefail\n  - yes | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses\n  - set -o pipefail\n```\n\n\nFinally, we wrap up the `before_script` section of our config with a few\nremaining tasks. First, we set the `ANDROID_HOME` environment variable to\nthe SDK location, which is necessary for our app to build. Next, we add the\nplatform tools to our `PATH`, allowing us to use the `adb` command without\nspecifying its full path, which is important when we run a downloaded script\nlater. Next, we ensure that `gradlew` is executable, as sometimes Git will\nmess up permissions.\n\n\nThe next command `yes | android-sdk-linux/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses`\nis responsible for accepting the SDK licenses. Because the unix `yes`\ncommand results in an EPIPE error once the pipe is broken (when the\nsdkmanager quits normally), we temporarily wrap the command in `+o pipefile`\nso that it does not terminate script execution when it fails.\n\n\n#### Defining the stages\n\n\n```yml\n\nstages:\n  - build\n  - test\n```\n\n\nHere we're defining the different\n[stages](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#stages) of our build. We can\ncall these anything we want. A stage can be thought of as a group of\n[jobs](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/jobs/). All of the jobs in the same\nstage happen in parallel, and all jobs in one stage must be completed before\nthe jobs in the subsequent stage begin. We've defined two stages: `build`\nand `test`. They do exactly what you think: the `build` stage ensures the\napp compiles, and the `test` stage runs our unit and functional tests.\n\n\n#### Building the app\n\n\n```yml\n\nlintDebug:\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew -Pci --console=plain :app:lintDebug -PbuildDir=lint\n\nassembleDebug:\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew assembleDebug\n  artifacts:\n    paths:\n    - app/build/outputs/\n```\n\n\nThis defines our first job, called `build`. It has two parts - a linter to\nensure that the submitted code is up to snuff, and the actual compilation of\nthe code (and configuration of the `artifacts` that GitLab should expect to\nfind). These are run in parallel for maximum efficiency.\n\n\n#### Running tests\n\n\n```yml\n\ndebugTests:\n  stage: test\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew -Pci --console=plain :app:testDebug\n```\n\n\nThis defines a job called `debugTests` that runs during the `test` stage.\nNothing too crazy here about setting something simple like this up!\n\n\nIf we had wanted to get Jacoco also working, that would be very\nstraightforward. Simply adding a section as follows would work - the only\nadditional thing you'd need to do is add a secret variable containing your\npersonal `COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN`:\n\n\n```yml\n\ncoverageTests:\n  stage: test\n  script:\n    - ./gradlew -Pci --console=plain jacocoTestReport coveralls\n```\n\n\n## Run your new CI setup\n\n\nAfter you've added your new `.gitlab-ci.yml` file to the root of your\ndirectory, just push your changes to the appropriate branch and off you go!\nYou can see your running builds in the **Pipelines** tab of your project.\nYou can even watch your build execute live and see the runner's output,\nallowing you to debug problems easily.\n\n\n![Pipelines tab\nscreenshot](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/gitlab-ci-for-android-2018/tutorial-01.png){:.shadow}\n\n\nAfter your build is done, you can retrieve your build artifacts:\n\n\n- First, click on your completed build, then navigate to the Jobs tab:\n\n\n![Build details button\nscreenshot](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/gitlab-ci-for-android-2018/tutorial-02.png){:.shadow}\n\n\nFrom here, simply click on the download button to download your build\nartifacts.\n\n\n## Conclusion\n\n\nSo, there you have it! You now know how to create a GitLab CI config that\nwill ensure your app:\n\n\n- Compiles\n\n- Passes tests\n\n- Allows you to access your build artifacts (like your\n[APK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_application_package))\nafterwards.\n\n\nYou can take a look at my local copy of the Materialistic repository, with\neverything up and running, at [this\nlink](https://gitlab.com/jyavorska/androidblog-2018)\n\n\nEnjoy your newfound app stability :)\n\n\n\u003C!-- closes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/issues/3167 -->\n\n\u003C!-- cover image: https://unsplash.com/photos/aso6SYJZGps -->\n\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n  img {\n    display: block;\n    margin: 0 auto 20px auto;\n  }\n  .special-h4 {\n    margin-top: 20px !important;\n  }\n\u003C/style>\n","engineering",[23,24],"CI/CD","user stories",{"slug":26,"featured":6,"template":27},"setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-android-projects.yml","yaml","Setting Up 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