[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":719},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/building-build-images/":3,"navigation-en-us":36,"banner-en-us":464,"footer-en-us":481,"Brendan O'Leary":691,"next-steps-en-us":704},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":26,"_id":29,"_type":30,"title":31,"_source":32,"_file":33,"_stem":34,"_extension":35},"/en-us/blog/building-build-images","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Getting [meta] with GitLab CI/CD: Building build images","Let's talk about building build images with GitLab CI/CD. The power of Docker as a build platform is unleashed when you get meta.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749678567/Blog/Hero%20Images/building-blocks.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/building-build-images","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"Getting [meta] with GitLab CI/CD: Building build images\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Brendan O'Leary\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2019-08-28\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"Brendan O'Leary","2019-08-28","> An alternative title for this post could have been:\n\n>\n\n> I heard you liked Docker, so I put\n[dind](https://hub.docker.com/_/docker/).\n\n\n## Getting started\n\nIt should be clear by now that I love building stuff with GitLab CI/CD. From\n\n[DNS](https://medium.com/gitlab-magazine/ci-cd-all-the-things-pihole-625a0ceaf12)\n\nto [breakfast](/blog/introducing-auto-breakfast-from-gitlab/) GitLab CI/CD\n\noffers a pretty wide range. However, past those \"fun\" use cases, I also like\n\nto share some ~~best~~ practices I have acquired during my years of using\n[GitLab\n\nCI/CD](/solutions/continuous-integration/), both for software and\nnon-software projects alike.\n\n\nI crossed out \"best\" above because I don't really like the term \"best\npractices.\" It\n\nimplies that there is only one right answer to a given question – which is\nthe\n\nopposite of the point of computer science. Sure there are better and worse\nways to\n\ndo something – but like many things in life, you have to find what works for\n\nyou. \"[The best camera is the one you have with\nyou](https://www.amazon.com/Best-Camera-One-Thats-You/dp/0321684788)\"\n\ncomes to mind when building CI/CD for projects. Something that works is\nbetter than something that's pretty.\n\n\nBut, enough of my digression, let's get to the practice I wanted to share in\nthis\n\npost: Building build images as part of the build process. Yes, it is\nprecisely as meta as it sounds.\n\n\n## Why?\n\n\nOften when building a particular project, you may have several unique build\ndependencies.\n\nIn many languages, package managers solve for the majority if not all of\nthese\n\ndependencies – at least for build time (think [npm](https://www.npmjs.com),\n[RubyGems](https://rubygems.org/),\n\n[Maven](https://maven.apache.org/what-is-maven.html)). However, when we are\nbuilding and\n\ndeploying (CI/**CD** let's remember) from a machine that is not our own,\nthat may not\n\nbe enough. There may be a few dependencies we might need from elsewhere.\n\n\nThe language libraries themselves are one such dependency – to build Java\nI'm going to need\n\nthe JDK or JRE. To build Node, I'll need... well Node, etc. In a\nDocker-based environment,\n\nthose languages and dependencies typically have an official image on Docker\n\nHub ([JRE from Oracle](https://hub.docker.com/_/oracle-serverjre-8) or\n\n[Node from Node.js](https://hub.docker.com/_/node) for instance). Assume,\nhowever, that\n\nI may need a few other things not included in **either** those official\nDocker images or\n\nthe package manager I'm using. For instance, maybe I need a CLI tool for\n\ndeploy ([AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/cli/),\n[Heroku](https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/heroku-cli),\n\n[Firebase](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cli), etc.). We also might need\na testing\n\nframework or tool like [Selenium](https://www.seleniumhq.org) or\n\n[headless\nChrome](https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/04/headless-chrome).\n\nOr I may need other tools for packaging, testing, or deployment.\n\n\nSometimes there is a Docker image on Docker Hub for these combinations – or\nsome of\n\nthem – but not always a maintained version. One easy solution to this could\nbe to\n\njust run the install of the tools before every job that needs it. This can\n\neven be \"automated\" using something like\n\nthe\n[before_script](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#before_script-and-after_script)\nsyntax.\n\nHowever, this adds time to our pipeline and seems inefficient: Is there a\nbetter way?\n\n\n## Enter the GitLab Docker registry\n\nSince GitLab is a single application for the entire\n[DevOps](/topics/devops/) lifecycle – it actually\n\nships out of the box with a built-in\n\n[Docker\nregistry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/packages/container_registry/index.html).\n\nThis can be a useful tool when deploying code in a containerized\nenvironment. We can\n\nbuild our application into a container and send it off into Kubernetes or\nsome\n\nother Docker orchestrator.\n\n\nHowever, I also see this registry as an opportunity to save time in my\n\npipeline (and save round trips to Docker hub and back every time). For\nbuilds that require\n\nsome of these extra dependencies, I like to build a \"build\" Docker image.\n\nThat way, I have an image with all of those baked right in. Then, as part of\nmy\n\npipeline, I can build the image at the start (only when changes are made or\nevery time).\n\nAnd the rest of the pipeline can consume that image as the base image.\n\n\n## Putting it in practice\n\nFor example, let's see what it looks like to build a simple Docker image to\nuse with\n\ndeploying to [Google Firebase](https://firebase.google.com/).\n\n\nFirebase is a \"backend as a service\" tool that provides a database,\nauthentication,\n\nand other services across platforms (web, iOS, and Android). It also\nincludes web hosting\n\nand several other items that can be deployed through [a\nCLI](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cli).\n\nThis tool makes getting started really easy. You can deploy the whole stack\nwith\n\n`firebase deploy.` Alternatively, you can deploy a part (like\n[serverless](/topics/serverless/) functions)\n\nwith a command like `firebase deploy --only functions.`\n\n\nMaking this work in a CI/CD world requires a few extra steps though. We'll\nneed a Node\n\nDocker image that has the firebase CLI in it, so let's make a simple\nDockerfile to do that.\n\n\n> Putting this Dockerfile in `.meta/Dockerfile`\n\n\n```dockerfile\n\nFROM node:10\n\n\nRUN npm install -g firebase-tools\n\n```\n\n\nNext, I'll add a job to the front of my pipeline.\n\n\n> Added to the front of my `.gitlab-ci.yml`\n\n\n```yaml\n\nmeta-build-image:\n  image: docker:stable\n  services:\n    - docker:dind\n  stage: prepare\n  script:\n    - docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER -p $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD $CI_REGISTRY\n    - cd .meta\n    - docker build -t $CI_REGISTRY/group/project/buildimage:latest .\n    - docker push $CI_REGISTRY/group/project/buildimage:latest\n  only:\n    refs:\n      - main\n    changes:\n      - .meta/Dockerfile\n```\n\n\nLet's break down that job:\n\n1. We use the `docker:stable` image and a service of `docker:dind`\n\n1. The stage is my first stage called `prepare`\n\n1. In the script, we login to the GitLab registry with the built-in\nvariables and build the\n\nimage. For more details see the [GitLab documentation for building Docker\nimages](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_docker_build.html).\n\n1. We only run this on `main` and only when the `.meta/Dockerfile` changes.\nThis makes\n\nsure we are specific about when we change the Docker image. We could also\nuse the\n\ncommit hash or other methods here to make the image more fungible.\n\n\nNow, in further jobs down the pipeline, I can use the latest build of the\nDocker image like this:\n\n\n```yaml\n\nfirestore:\n  image: registry.gitlab.com/group/project/buildimage\n  stage: deploy 🚢🇮🇹\n  script:\n    - firebase deploy --only firestore\n  only:\n    changes:\n      - .firebase-config/firestore.rules\n      - .firebase-config/firestore.indexes.json\n```\n\n\nIn this job, we only run the job if something about\n\nthe [Firestore](https://firebase.google.com/docs/firestore) (the database\nfrom Firebase)\n\nconfiguration changes. And when it does, we run the `firestore deploy`\ncommand in CI. I\n\nalso added a token for deploy as a [GitLab CI/CD\nvariable](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/)\n\nbased off the Firebase documentation\n\nfor [using firebase with\nCI](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cli#admin-commands).\n\n\n## Summary\n\nIn the end, this helps speed up pipelines by ensuring that you have a\ncustom-built build\n\nimage that you control. You don't have to rely on unstable or unmaintained\nDocker Hub\n\nimages or even have a Docker Hub account yourself to get started.\n\n\nTo learn more about GitLab CI/CD you can [read the GitLab\nwebsite](/solutions/continuous-integration/)\n\nor the [CI/CD docs](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/introduction/). Also,\nthere's a lot more to\n\nlearn about the [GitLab Docker\nregistry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/packages/container_registry/index.html).\n\n\nCover image by [Hack\nCapital](https://unsplash.com/@markusspiske?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText)\non\n[Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/search/photos/build?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText).\n\n{: .note}\n","engineering",[23,24,25],"CI/CD","kubernetes","tutorial",{"slug":27,"featured":6,"template":28},"building-build-images","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:building-build-images.yml","yaml","Building Build 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