[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":716},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/building-an-elixir-release-into-docker-image-using-gitlab-ci-part-1/":3,"navigation-en-us":32,"banner-en-us":461,"footer-en-us":478,"Alexander Malaev":688,"next-steps-en-us":701},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":22,"_id":25,"_type":26,"title":27,"_source":28,"_file":29,"_stem":30,"_extension":31},"/en-us/blog/building-an-elixir-release-into-docker-image-using-gitlab-ci-part-1","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Building an Elixir Release into a Docker image using GitLab CI - Part 1","Deploying projects written in Elixir/Erlang to production with Docker Containers and GitLab CI!","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749665223/Blog/Hero%20Images/containers.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/building-an-elixir-release-into-docker-image-using-gitlab-ci-part-1","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"Building an Elixir Release into a Docker image using GitLab CI - Part 1\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Alexander Malaev\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2016-08-11\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21},[18],"Alexander Malaev","2016-08-11","\n\n**Note:** this post is a customer story by Alexander Malaev, a software developer.\n{: .note}\n\nWell, we are actively using Phoenix/Elixir in our projects for backend development, we also have a RoR project as a frontend-service for our Admin UI. Our project consists of a bunch of microservices written in Elixir/Erlang, and we are running it in production with Docker-containers linked together and composed by Docker-compose.\n\nOn every push to a project's branch on [GitLab], [GitLab CI] runs tests, style checking, and other tasks. These tasks are configured using `.gitlab-ci.yml`. On every merge to `master` GitLab builds a release image for us and uploads it to [GitLab Container Registry][registry]. After all, we run `docker-compose pull && docker-compose up -d` on the servers to download the latest release images and upgrade our containers.\n\n\u003C!-- more -->\n\n## CI pipeline\n\nSo, in the following I will describe our release pipeline for Elixir services, using snippets from our project’s `.gitlab-ci.yml`.\n\nWe are using `docker:latest` image for our Runner, and several stages:\n\n```yaml\nimage: docker:latest\nstages:\n  - build\n  - styles\n  - test\n  - release\n  - cleanup\n```\n\nPassing some variables:\n\n```yaml\nvariables:\n  APP_NAME: project\n  APP_VERSION: 0.0.1\n  CONTAINER_RELEASE_IMAGE: gitlab.example.org/example/project:latest\n  POSTGRES_HOST: postgres\n  POSTGRES_USER: postgres\n  POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password\n```\n\nThese variables are used during the release's build, so they will be available for all the stages. E.g., `CONTAINER_RELEASE_IMAGE` is used on the release stage, as a link to push the release image to. The `POSTGRES_*` variables are used to configure postgres service, and to connect later from containers.\n\nOur build stage:\n\n```yaml\nbuild:\n  before_script:\n    - docker build -f Dockerfile.build -t ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF .\n    - docker create\n      -v /build/deps\n      -v /build/_build\n      -v /build/rel\n      -v /root/.cache/rebar3/\n      --name build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF busybox /bin/true\n  tags:\n    - docker\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - docker run --volumes-from build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF --rm -t ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF\n```\n\nBefore running this stage, we create a container which provides volumes for building artifacts. By the way, GitLab CI has a cache volume itself for similar purposes, but I couldn’t make it working correctly with GitLab Runner using Docker image.\n\n```yaml\ntest:\n  services:\n    - postgres\n  tags:\n    - docker\n  stage: test\n  script:\n    - env\n    - docker run --rm\n      --link $POSTGRES_NAME:postgres\n      -e POSTGRES_HOST=$POSTGRES_HOST\n      -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=$POSTGRES_PASSWORD\n      -e POSTGRES_USER=$POSTGRES_USER\n      -e MIX_ENV=$MIX_ENV\n      --volumes-from build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF sh -c \"mix ecto.setup && mix test\"\n```\n\nNotice that we must pass the variables and link postgres manually, since GitLab Runner is passing the variables only to the first level of Docker, but we go deeply ;)\n\nWe could link as many services as we want. For example, we are using Kafka for production, and on our test stage we make Kafka service available for running tests.\n\nStyle checking:\n\n```yaml\nstyles:\n  tags: \n    - docker\n  stage: styles\n  script:\n    - docker run --rm\n      --volumes-from build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF sh -c \"mix credo --strict\"\n```\n\nRelease task; we run it only on pushes to `master`:\n\n```yaml \nrelease:\n  tags:\n    - docker\n  stage: release\n  script:\n    - docker run\n      --volumes-from build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF\n      -e MIX_ENV=prod --rm -t ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF\n      sh -c \"mix deps.get && mix compile && mix release\"\n    - docker cp build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF:/build/rel/$APP_NAME/releases/$APP_VERSION/$APP_NAME.tar.gz .\n    - docker build -t $CONTAINER_RELEASE_IMAGE .\n    - docker login -u gitlab-ci-token -p $CI_BUILD_TOKEN gitlab.example.org:4567\n    - docker push $CONTAINER_RELEASE_IMAGE\n  only:\n    - master\n```\n\nWe are using Conform to achieve runtime configuration of the release using environment variables. I use the approach described on this [blog post][post-env].\n\nTask to cleanup things:\n\n```yaml\ncleanup_job:\n  tags:\n    - docker\n  stage: cleanup\n  script:\n    - docker rm -v build_data_$CI_PROJECT_ID_$CI_BUILD_REF\n    - docker rmi ci-project-build-$CI_PROJECT_ID:$CI_BUILD_REF\n  when: always\n```\n\nIt removes the container with volumes created for build artifacts, and removes the image used during the pipeline. This task is running every time, despite the results of any previous tasks.\n\nBelow are our Dockerfiles:\n\n`Dockerfile.build`:\n\n```dockerfile\nFROM msaraiva/elixir-gcc\nRUN apk add postgresql-client erlang-xmerl erlang-tools --no-cache\nWORKDIR /build\nADD . /build\nCMD mix deps.get\n```\n\nThis image is used to create a container for running tests and style checks.\n\n`Dockerfile`:\n\n```dockerfile\nFROM alpine:edge\nRUN apk — update add postgresql-client erlang erlang-sasl erlang-crypto erlang-syntax-tools && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*\nENV APP_NAME project\nENV PORT 4000\nRUN mkdir -p /app\nCOPY $APP_NAME.tar.gz /app/\nWORKDIR /app\nRUN tar -zxvf $APP_NAME.tar.gz\nEXPOSE $PORT\nCMD trap exit TERM; /app/bin/$APP_NAME foreground & wait\n```\n\nThis Dockerfile is used to build an actual image with the Elixir release.\n\n## Existing problems\n\n- Now we don’t use the \"Erlang hot upgrade\" feature;\n- We don’t test if the release is correctly starting, now we are testing it manually and locally;\n- Every container uses its own \"epmd\" and intercommunication between the services, now made using REST apis, but I’m working on integration of [Erlang-In-Docker approach][approach] to use native erlang messaging between services.\n\n## What’s next?\n\nI have a plan to write and publish several articles about our release pipeline, to answer the following questions:\n\n- How do we compile and publish assets?\n- How do we run our database migrations, since mix tasks aren’t available from the release image?\n- What problems are we facing during the implementation of this pipeline, and what solutions have we found.\n\nThanks for reading!\n\n","engineering",{"slug":23,"featured":6,"template":24},"building-an-elixir-release-into-docker-image-using-gitlab-ci-part-1","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:building-an-elixir-release-into-docker-image-using-gitlab-ci-part-1.yml","yaml","Building An Elixir Release Into Docker Image Using Gitlab Ci Part 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