[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":718},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/autoscale-ci-runners/":3,"navigation-en-us":35,"banner-en-us":463,"footer-en-us":480,"Max Woolf":690,"next-steps-en-us":703},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":25,"_id":28,"_type":29,"title":30,"_source":31,"_file":32,"_stem":33,"_extension":34},"/en-us/blog/autoscale-ci-runners","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Autoscale GitLab CI/CD runners and save 90% on EC2 costs","Guest author Max Woolf shows how his team makes big savings with an autoscaling cluster of GitLab CI/CD runners.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749680305/Blog/Hero%20Images/autoscale-gitlab-ci-runners.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/autoscale-ci-runners","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"Autoscale GitLab CI/CD runners and save 90% on EC2 costs\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Max Woolf\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2017-11-23\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"Max Woolf","2017-11-23","At [Substrakt Health](https://substrakthealth.com/), we use continuous\nintegration workers to test our software every time new code is written and\npushed, but that computing capacity can be expensive and hard to predict.\nThis tutorial shows you how to set up an autoscaling [cluster of GitLab\nCI/CD](/topics/ci-cd/) runners using docker-machine and AWS.\n\n\n\u003C!-- more -->\n\n\nCode quality is **always** a top priority for us. We want to know that our\ncode works every time and when it stops working we want to know immediately.\nWe use [GitLab CI/CD](/solutions/continuous-integration/) to run our tests\nevery time we push new code and before every deployment. GitLab CI/CD lets\nus split this work across multiple servers and scale up and down capacity as\nrequired to keep costs down for us. This tutorial will show you how to set\nup an autoscaling CI/CD cluster for GitLab and save up to 90 percent on\ncosts using AWS EC2 Spot Instances.\n\n\nGitLab CI/CD allows us to split our jobs across multiple machines. By\ndefault, each new worker node requires some setup work to provision and\nattach it to our GitLab instance, but we can also use the autoscaling mode\nto provision a single machine and let that machine decide how much capacity\nis required and then spin up or down further instances as required.\n\n\n>**A warning**: This tutorial will not be covered entirely by the AWS free\nusage tier. It’s going to cost money to try this out.\n\n\n## Creating the spawner\n\n\nFirst off, we need a spawner machine. This runs 24/7 and checks that GitLab\nCI/CD has enough capacity to run the jobs currently in the queue. **It\ndoesn’t run any jobs itself.**\n\n\nWe use Ubuntu 16.04 LTS for our internal tooling, so just create an EC2\ninstance (*t2.micro* is enough and is included in the free tier.) Setting up\nVPCs and related subnets is out of the scope of this article, we’ll assume\nthat you’re working in the default VPC. Then we need to install a bunch of\nsoftware on our machine to set it up.\n\n\n## Installing gitlab-runner\n\n\ngitlab-runner is the main software we need to complete this task. Installing\nit on Ubuntu is really easy.\n\n\n```\n\ncurl -L\nhttps://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/script.deb.sh\n| sudo bash\n\n```\n\n\n```\n\nsudo apt-get install gitlab-ci-multi-runner\n\n```\n\n\n\u003Cimg src=\"/images/blogimages/auto-scale-ci-runners-gif.gif\" alt=\"Installing\ngitlab-runner\" style=\"width: 700px;\"/>{: .shadow}\n\n\nOnce you’ve done that, register the runner on your GitLab instance. Do this\nas you normally would with any other GitLab CI/CD runner but choose\n**docker+machine** as the runner. Docker Machine is the software required to\nspin up new virtual machines and install Docker on them.\n\n\n## Installing Docker Machine\n\n\nDocker Machine is a handy bit of software that allows one host running\nDocker to spin up and provision other machines running Docker. Installing it\nis even easier:\n\n\n```\n\ncurl -L\nhttps://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.12.2/docker-machine-`uname\n-s`-`uname -m` >/tmp/docker-machine &&\n\nchmod +x /tmp/docker-machine &&\n\nsudo cp /tmp/docker-machine /usr/local/bin/docker-machine\n\n```\n\n\nThis will install the docker-machine binary in your PATH.\n\n\n## Configuring gitlab-runner\n\n\nBy default, gitlab-runner will not work in the autoscaling mode we want.\nIt’ll just run a job by default and then stop. We want to configure this\nmachine to no longer run tests but to spin up new Docker Machines as and\nwhen necessary. Open your gitlab-runner config file, usually found in\n`/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml` and make some changes. This is our example\n(with sensitive information removed). Let’s go through some of the important\nlines.\n\n\n```\n\nconcurrent = 12\n\ncheck_interval = 0\n\n\n[[runners]]\n  name = \"aws-gitlab-runner-spawner\"\n  limit = 6\n  url = \"https://git.substrakt.com/ci\"\n  token = \"xxxxx\"\n  executor = \"docker+machine\"\n  [runners.docker]\n    tls_verify = false\n    image = \"ruby:2.3.1\"\n    privileged = true\n    disable_cache = false\n    volumes = [\"/cache\"]\n    shm_size = 0\n  [runners.machine]\n    IdleCount = 0\n    MachineDriver = \"amazonec2\"\n    MachineName = \"runner-%s\"\n    MachineOptions = [\"amazonec2-access-key=XXXX\", \"amazonec2-secret-key=XXXX\", \"amazonec2-ssh-user=ubuntu\", \"amazonec2-region=eu-west-2\", \"amazonec2-instance-type=m4.xlarge\", \"amazonec2-ami=ami-996372fd\", \"amazonec2-vpc-id=vpc-xxxxx\", \"amazonec2-subnet-id=subnet-xxxxx\", \"amazonec2-zone=a\", \"amazonec2-root-size=32\", \"amazonec2-request-spot-instance=true\", \"amazonec2-spot-price=0.03\"]\n    IdleTime = 1800\n```\n\n\n```\n\nconcurrent = 12\n\n```\n\n\nThis tells GitLab CI/CD that in total, it should attempt to run 12 jobs\nsimultaneously across all child workers.\n\n\n```\n\nlimit = 6\n\n```\n\n\nThis tells GitLab CI/CD that in total, it should use for running jobs a\nmaximum of six worker nodes. You’ll need to tweak this value depending on\nthe resources your jobs need and the resources of your child nodes. There’s\nno right answer here but generally we found it wasn’t a good idea to have\nmore than the number of CPUs – 1 of jobs running per node but again this is\na bit of a ‘finger-in-the-air’ calculation as it really depends on your tech\nstack.\n\n\n```\n\nIdleCount = 0\n\n```\n\n\nThis tells GitLab CI/CD not to run any machines constantly (whilst idle).\nThis means when nobody is running a job, or no jobs are queued to spin down\nall of the worker nodes after an amount of time (IdleTime at the bottom of\nthe file). We power our nodes down after half an hour of no use. This does\nhave the consequence of there being a short wait when we start our day, but\nit saves us money as we’re not using computing power when it’s not required.\n\n\nIf you're interested in more about how `concurrent`, `limit` and `IdleCount`\nare defining the maximum number of jobs and nodes that will be used, you can\nfind a more detailed description in Runner's autoscale configuration\ndocument: [Autoscaling algorithm and\nparameters](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#autoscaling-algorithm-and-parameters),\n[How parameters generate the upper limit of running\nmachines](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/autoscale.html#how-concurrent-limit-and-idlecount-generate-the-upper-limit-of-running-machines).\n\n\n```\n\nMachineOptions = [\"amazonec2-access-key=XXXX\", \"amazonec2-secret-key=XXXX\",\n\"amazonec2-ssh-user=ubuntu\", \"amazonec2-region=eu-west-2\",\n\"amazonec2-instance-type=m4.xlarge\", \"amazonec2-ami=ami-996372fd\",\n\"amazonec2-vpc-id=vpc-xxxxx\", \"amazonec2-subnet-id=subnet-xxxxx\",\n\"amazonec2-zone=a\", \"amazonec2-root-size=32\",\n\"amazonec2-request-spot-instance=true\", \"amazonec2-spot-price=0.03\"]\n\n```\n\n\nThis is where the magic happens. This is where we set our options for Docker\nMachine. It defines the size, type and price of our runners. I’ll run\nthrough each of the non-obvious options.\n\n\n```\n\namazonec2-vpc-id=vpc-xxxxx & amazonec2-subnet-id=subnet-xxxxx\n\n```\n\n\nThis is the VPC and associated subnet ID. Generally, you’d want this in your\ndefault VPC in a public subnet. We run our jobs in a private VPC with\ninternal peering connections to other VPCs due to regulatory constraints.\n\n\n```\n\namazonec2-region=eu-west-2\n\n```\n\n\nThis is the AWS region. We run all of our infrastructure in the EU (London)\nregion.\n\n\n```\n\namazonec2-instance-type=m4.xlarge\n\n```\n\n\nThis is the size of the instance we want for each of our runners. This\nsetting can have massive implications on cost and it can be a tricky\nbalancing act. Choose too small and your jobs take forever to run due to a\nlack of resources (more time = more money) but choose too large and you have\nunused compute capacity which costs you money you don’t need to spend.\nAgain, there’s no right answer here, it’s about what works for your\nworkload. We found m4.xlarge works for us.\n\n\n## Save up to 90 percent on EC2 costs using Spot Instances\n\n\nSpot Instances are magic. They allow us to bid for unused capacity in the\nAWS infrastructure and often can mean that EC2 costs can be dramatically\nlower. We’re currently seeing discounts of around 85 percent on our EC2\nbills due to using Spot Instances. Setting them up for use on GitLab CI/CD\nis really easy too. There is (of course) a downside. If our bid price for\nVMs is exceeded, then our instances shut down with only a few minutes\nnotice. But as long as our bid is high enough, this isn’t an issue. Pricing\nin the spot market is insanely complex but in eu-west-2 at least, prices for\nm4.large and xlarge instances appear to have been static for months so a bid\n10-20 percent higher than the current spot price appears to be a safe bet.\nJust keep your eyes peeled. The current spot price for an m4.xlarge instance\nis $0.026. We’ve set our maximum price at $0.03 to give us some wiggle room.\nAt time of writing, the on-demand price is $0.232. The numbers speak for\nthemselves.\n\n\n>Note: Spot pricing can vary significantly between instance sizes, regions\nand even availability zones in the same region. This guide assumes that spot\npricing won’t vary massively or that you’ve set a good buffer above the\ncurrent spot price to avoid outages.\n\n\n```\n\namazonec2-request-spot-instance=true & amazonec2-spot-price=0.03\n\n```\n\n\nThis tells GitLab CI/CD that instead of just spawning new EC2 instances at\nfull price, that it should request Spot Instances at the current spot price,\nsetting a maximum bid that it should not exceed per hour, in USD (regardless\nof what currency you’re billed in. We’re billed in GBP, but Spot Instances\nare still calculated in USD.) The maximum bid is whatever you’re comfortable\npaying. We tend to set it close to the on-demand price because we’re looking\nfor any discount. As long as we’re not paying more than we otherwise would,\nit’s fine with us. Your financial constraints may affect your decisions\ndifferently.\n\n\n>Update: From October, AWS will charge in seconds, rather than hours used,\nmaking the potential savings even higher for unused partial hours.\n\n\nWe’d love to see how you get along with this so please let us know. You can\ncontact me max [at] substrakthealth [dot] com. For us, it’s saved us time\nand money and that’s never a bad thing.\n\n\n## About the Guest Author\n\n\nMax Woolf is a Senior Developer at Substrakt Health. Based in the UK, they\nuse innovative technology to transform how primary care providers organize\nand deliver care to patients in a sustainable NHS.\n\n\n_[Autoscale GitLab CI runners and save 90% on EC2\ncosts](https://substrakthealth.com/autoscale-gitlab-ci-runners-and-save-90-on-ec2-costs/)\nwas originally published on Substrakt Health's blog._\n\n\nCover image by [Sebastien Gabriel](https://unsplash.com/@sgabriel) on\nUnsplash\n\n{: .note}\n","engineering",[23,24],"user stories","CI/CD",{"slug":26,"featured":6,"template":27},"autoscale-ci-runners","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:autoscale-ci-runners.yml","yaml","Autoscale Ci Runners","content","en-us/blog/autoscale-ci-runners.yml","en-us/blog/autoscale-ci-runners","yml",{"_path":36,"_dir":37,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"data":38,"_id":459,"_type":29,"title":460,"_source":31,"_file":461,"_stem":462,"_extension":34},"/shared/en-us/main-navigation","en-us",{"logo":39,"freeTrial":44,"sales":49,"login":54,"items":59,"search":390,"minimal":421,"duo":440,"pricingDeployment":449},{"config":40},{"href":41,"dataGaName":42,"dataGaLocation":43},"/","gitlab logo","header",{"text":45,"config":46},"Get free trial",{"href":47,"dataGaName":48,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://gitlab.com/-/trial_registrations/new?glm_source=about.gitlab.com&glm_content=default-saas-trial/","free trial",{"text":50,"config":51},"Talk to sales",{"href":52,"dataGaName":53,"dataGaLocation":43},"/sales/","sales",{"text":55,"config":56},"Sign in",{"href":57,"dataGaName":58,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://gitlab.com/users/sign_in/","sign in",[60,104,201,206,311,371],{"text":61,"config":62,"cards":64,"footer":87},"Platform",{"dataNavLevelOne":63},"platform",[65,71,79],{"title":61,"description":66,"link":67},"The most comprehensive AI-powered DevSecOps Platform",{"text":68,"config":69},"Explore our Platform",{"href":70,"dataGaName":63,"dataGaLocation":43},"/platform/",{"title":72,"description":73,"link":74},"GitLab Duo (AI)","Build software faster with AI at every stage of development",{"text":75,"config":76},"Meet GitLab Duo",{"href":77,"dataGaName":78,"dataGaLocation":43},"/gitlab-duo/","gitlab duo ai",{"title":80,"description":81,"link":82},"Why GitLab","10 reasons why Enterprises choose GitLab",{"text":83,"config":84},"Learn more",{"href":85,"dataGaName":86,"dataGaLocation":43},"/why-gitlab/","why gitlab",{"title":88,"items":89},"Get started with",[90,95,100],{"text":91,"config":92},"Platform Engineering",{"href":93,"dataGaName":94,"dataGaLocation":43},"/solutions/platform-engineering/","platform engineering",{"text":96,"config":97},"Developer Experience",{"href":98,"dataGaName":99,"dataGaLocation":43},"/developer-experience/","Developer experience",{"text":101,"config":102},"MLOps",{"href":103,"dataGaName":101,"dataGaLocation":43},"/topics/devops/the-role-of-ai-in-devops/",{"text":105,"left":106,"config":107,"link":109,"lists":113,"footer":183},"Product",true,{"dataNavLevelOne":108},"solutions",{"text":110,"config":111},"View all Solutions",{"href":112,"dataGaName":108,"dataGaLocation":43},"/solutions/",[114,138,162],{"title":115,"description":116,"link":117,"items":122},"Automation","CI/CD and automation to accelerate deployment",{"config":118},{"icon":119,"href":120,"dataGaName":121,"dataGaLocation":43},"AutomatedCodeAlt","/solutions/delivery-automation/","automated software delivery",[123,126,130,134],{"text":24,"config":124},{"href":125,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":24},"/solutions/continuous-integration/",{"text":127,"config":128},"AI-Assisted Development",{"href":77,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":129},"AI assisted development",{"text":131,"config":132},"Source Code Management",{"href":133,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":131},"/solutions/source-code-management/",{"text":135,"config":136},"Automated Software Delivery",{"href":120,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":137},"Automated software delivery",{"title":139,"description":140,"link":141,"items":146},"Security","Deliver code faster without compromising security",{"config":142},{"href":143,"dataGaName":144,"dataGaLocation":43,"icon":145},"/solutions/security-compliance/","security and compliance","ShieldCheckLight",[147,152,157],{"text":148,"config":149},"Application Security Testing",{"href":150,"dataGaName":151,"dataGaLocation":43},"/solutions/application-security-testing/","Application security testing",{"text":153,"config":154},"Software Supply Chain Security",{"href":155,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":156},"/solutions/supply-chain/","Software supply chain security",{"text":158,"config":159},"Software Compliance",{"href":160,"dataGaName":161,"dataGaLocation":43},"/solutions/software-compliance/","software compliance",{"title":163,"link":164,"items":169},"Measurement",{"config":165},{"icon":166,"href":167,"dataGaName":168,"dataGaLocation":43},"DigitalTransformation","/solutions/visibility-measurement/","visibility and measurement",[170,174,178],{"text":171,"config":172},"Visibility & Measurement",{"href":167,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":173},"Visibility and Measurement",{"text":175,"config":176},"Value Stream Management",{"href":177,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":175},"/solutions/value-stream-management/",{"text":179,"config":180},"Analytics & Insights",{"href":181,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":182},"/solutions/analytics-and-insights/","Analytics and insights",{"title":184,"items":185},"GitLab for",[186,191,196],{"text":187,"config":188},"Enterprise",{"href":189,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":190},"/enterprise/","enterprise",{"text":192,"config":193},"Small Business",{"href":194,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":195},"/small-business/","small business",{"text":197,"config":198},"Public Sector",{"href":199,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":200},"/solutions/public-sector/","public sector",{"text":202,"config":203},"Pricing",{"href":204,"dataGaName":205,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataNavLevelOne":205},"/pricing/","pricing",{"text":207,"config":208,"link":210,"lists":214,"feature":298},"Resources",{"dataNavLevelOne":209},"resources",{"text":211,"config":212},"View all resources",{"href":213,"dataGaName":209,"dataGaLocation":43},"/resources/",[215,248,270],{"title":216,"items":217},"Getting started",[218,223,228,233,238,243],{"text":219,"config":220},"Install",{"href":221,"dataGaName":222,"dataGaLocation":43},"/install/","install",{"text":224,"config":225},"Quick start guides",{"href":226,"dataGaName":227,"dataGaLocation":43},"/get-started/","quick setup checklists",{"text":229,"config":230},"Learn",{"href":231,"dataGaLocation":43,"dataGaName":232},"https://university.gitlab.com/","learn",{"text":234,"config":235},"Product documentation",{"href":236,"dataGaName":237,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://docs.gitlab.com/","product documentation",{"text":239,"config":240},"Best practice videos",{"href":241,"dataGaName":242,"dataGaLocation":43},"/getting-started-videos/","best practice videos",{"text":244,"config":245},"Integrations",{"href":246,"dataGaName":247,"dataGaLocation":43},"/integrations/","integrations",{"title":249,"items":250},"Discover",[251,256,260,265],{"text":252,"config":253},"Customer success stories",{"href":254,"dataGaName":255,"dataGaLocation":43},"/customers/","customer success stories",{"text":257,"config":258},"Blog",{"href":259,"dataGaName":5,"dataGaLocation":43},"/blog/",{"text":261,"config":262},"Remote",{"href":263,"dataGaName":264,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/company/culture/all-remote/","remote",{"text":266,"config":267},"TeamOps",{"href":268,"dataGaName":269,"dataGaLocation":43},"/teamops/","teamops",{"title":271,"items":272},"Connect",[273,278,283,288,293],{"text":274,"config":275},"GitLab Services",{"href":276,"dataGaName":277,"dataGaLocation":43},"/services/","services",{"text":279,"config":280},"Community",{"href":281,"dataGaName":282,"dataGaLocation":43},"/community/","community",{"text":284,"config":285},"Forum",{"href":286,"dataGaName":287,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://forum.gitlab.com/","forum",{"text":289,"config":290},"Events",{"href":291,"dataGaName":292,"dataGaLocation":43},"/events/","events",{"text":294,"config":295},"Partners",{"href":296,"dataGaName":297,"dataGaLocation":43},"/partners/","partners",{"backgroundColor":299,"textColor":300,"text":301,"image":302,"link":306},"#2f2a6b","#fff","Insights for the future of software development",{"altText":303,"config":304},"the source promo card",{"src":305},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1758208064/dzl0dbift9xdizyelkk4.svg",{"text":307,"config":308},"Read the latest",{"href":309,"dataGaName":310,"dataGaLocation":43},"/the-source/","the source",{"text":312,"config":313,"lists":315},"Company",{"dataNavLevelOne":314},"company",[316],{"items":317},[318,323,329,331,336,341,346,351,356,361,366],{"text":319,"config":320},"About",{"href":321,"dataGaName":322,"dataGaLocation":43},"/company/","about",{"text":324,"config":325,"footerGa":328},"Jobs",{"href":326,"dataGaName":327,"dataGaLocation":43},"/jobs/","jobs",{"dataGaName":327},{"text":289,"config":330},{"href":291,"dataGaName":292,"dataGaLocation":43},{"text":332,"config":333},"Leadership",{"href":334,"dataGaName":335,"dataGaLocation":43},"/company/team/e-group/","leadership",{"text":337,"config":338},"Team",{"href":339,"dataGaName":340,"dataGaLocation":43},"/company/team/","team",{"text":342,"config":343},"Handbook",{"href":344,"dataGaName":345,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://handbook.gitlab.com/","handbook",{"text":347,"config":348},"Investor relations",{"href":349,"dataGaName":350,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://ir.gitlab.com/","investor relations",{"text":352,"config":353},"Trust Center",{"href":354,"dataGaName":355,"dataGaLocation":43},"/security/","trust center",{"text":357,"config":358},"AI Transparency Center",{"href":359,"dataGaName":360,"dataGaLocation":43},"/ai-transparency-center/","ai transparency center",{"text":362,"config":363},"Newsletter",{"href":364,"dataGaName":365,"dataGaLocation":43},"/company/contact/","newsletter",{"text":367,"config":368},"Press",{"href":369,"dataGaName":370,"dataGaLocation":43},"/press/","press",{"text":372,"config":373,"lists":374},"Contact us",{"dataNavLevelOne":314},[375],{"items":376},[377,380,385],{"text":50,"config":378},{"href":52,"dataGaName":379,"dataGaLocation":43},"talk to sales",{"text":381,"config":382},"Get help",{"href":383,"dataGaName":384,"dataGaLocation":43},"/support/","get help",{"text":386,"config":387},"Customer portal",{"href":388,"dataGaName":389,"dataGaLocation":43},"https://customers.gitlab.com/customers/sign_in/","customer portal",{"close":391,"login":392,"suggestions":399},"Close",{"text":393,"link":394},"To search repositories and projects, login to",{"text":395,"config":396},"gitlab.com",{"href":57,"dataGaName":397,"dataGaLocation":398},"search login","search",{"text":400,"default":401},"Suggestions",[402,404,408,410,414,418],{"text":72,"config":403},{"href":77,"dataGaName":72,"dataGaLocation":398},{"text":405,"config":406},"Code Suggestions (AI)",{"href":407,"dataGaName":405,"dataGaLocation":398},"/solutions/code-suggestions/",{"text":24,"config":409},{"href":125,"dataGaName":24,"dataGaLocation":398},{"text":411,"config":412},"GitLab on AWS",{"href":413,"dataGaName":411,"dataGaLocation":398},"/partners/technology-partners/aws/",{"text":415,"config":416},"GitLab on Google Cloud",{"href":417,"dataGaName":415,"dataGaLocation":398},"/partners/technology-partners/google-cloud-platform/",{"text":419,"config":420},"Why GitLab?",{"href":85,"dataGaName":419,"dataGaLocation":398},{"freeTrial":422,"mobileIcon":427,"desktopIcon":432,"secondaryButton":435},{"text":423,"config":424},"Start free trial",{"href":425,"dataGaName":48,"dataGaLocation":426},"https://gitlab.com/-/trials/new/","nav",{"altText":428,"config":429},"Gitlab Icon",{"src":430,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1758203874/jypbw1jx72aexsoohd7x.svg","gitlab icon",{"altText":428,"config":433},{"src":434,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1758203875/gs4c8p8opsgvflgkswz9.svg",{"text":436,"config":437},"Get Started",{"href":438,"dataGaName":439,"dataGaLocation":426},"https://gitlab.com/-/trial_registrations/new?glm_source=about.gitlab.com/compare/gitlab-vs-github/","get started",{"freeTrial":441,"mobileIcon":445,"desktopIcon":447},{"text":442,"config":443},"Learn more about GitLab Duo",{"href":77,"dataGaName":444,"dataGaLocation":426},"gitlab duo",{"altText":428,"config":446},{"src":430,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},{"altText":428,"config":448},{"src":434,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},{"freeTrial":450,"mobileIcon":455,"desktopIcon":457},{"text":451,"config":452},"Back to pricing",{"href":204,"dataGaName":453,"dataGaLocation":426,"icon":454},"back to pricing","GoBack",{"altText":428,"config":456},{"src":430,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},{"altText":428,"config":458},{"src":434,"dataGaName":431,"dataGaLocation":426},"content:shared:en-us:main-navigation.yml","Main Navigation","shared/en-us/main-navigation.yml","shared/en-us/main-navigation",{"_path":464,"_dir":37,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"title":465,"button":466,"image":471,"config":475,"_id":477,"_type":29,"_source":31,"_file":478,"_stem":479,"_extension":34},"/shared/en-us/banner","is now in public beta!",{"text":467,"config":468},"Try the Beta",{"href":469,"dataGaName":470,"dataGaLocation":43},"/gitlab-duo/agent-platform/","duo banner",{"altText":472,"config":473},"GitLab Duo Agent Platform",{"src":474},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1753720689/somrf9zaunk0xlt7ne4x.svg",{"layout":476},"release","content:shared:en-us:banner.yml","shared/en-us/banner.yml","shared/en-us/banner",{"_path":481,"_dir":37,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"data":482,"_id":686,"_type":29,"title":687,"_source":31,"_file":688,"_stem":689,"_extension":34},"/shared/en-us/main-footer",{"text":483,"source":484,"edit":490,"contribute":495,"config":500,"items":505,"minimal":678},"Git is a trademark of Software Freedom Conservancy and our use of 'GitLab' is under license",{"text":485,"config":486},"View page source",{"href":487,"dataGaName":488,"dataGaLocation":489},"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/marketing/digital-experience/about-gitlab-com/","page source","footer",{"text":491,"config":492},"Edit this page",{"href":493,"dataGaName":494,"dataGaLocation":489},"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/marketing/digital-experience/about-gitlab-com/-/blob/main/content/","web ide",{"text":496,"config":497},"Please contribute",{"href":498,"dataGaName":499,"dataGaLocation":489},"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/marketing/digital-experience/about-gitlab-com/-/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md/","please contribute",{"twitter":501,"facebook":502,"youtube":503,"linkedin":504},"https://twitter.com/gitlab","https://www.facebook.com/gitlab","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnMGQ8QHMAnVIsI3xJrihhg","https://www.linkedin.com/company/gitlab-com",[506,529,585,614,648],{"title":61,"links":507,"subMenu":512},[508],{"text":509,"config":510},"DevSecOps platform",{"href":70,"dataGaName":511,"dataGaLocation":489},"devsecops platform",[513],{"title":202,"links":514},[515,519,524],{"text":516,"config":517},"View plans",{"href":204,"dataGaName":518,"dataGaLocation":489},"view plans",{"text":520,"config":521},"Why Premium?",{"href":522,"dataGaName":523,"dataGaLocation":489},"/pricing/premium/","why premium",{"text":525,"config":526},"Why Ultimate?",{"href":527,"dataGaName":528,"dataGaLocation":489},"/pricing/ultimate/","why ultimate",{"title":530,"links":531},"Solutions",[532,537,539,541,546,551,555,558,562,567,569,572,575,580],{"text":533,"config":534},"Digital transformation",{"href":535,"dataGaName":536,"dataGaLocation":489},"/topics/digital-transformation/","digital transformation",{"text":148,"config":538},{"href":150,"dataGaName":148,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":137,"config":540},{"href":120,"dataGaName":121,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":542,"config":543},"Agile development",{"href":544,"dataGaName":545,"dataGaLocation":489},"/solutions/agile-delivery/","agile delivery",{"text":547,"config":548},"Cloud transformation",{"href":549,"dataGaName":550,"dataGaLocation":489},"/topics/cloud-native/","cloud transformation",{"text":552,"config":553},"SCM",{"href":133,"dataGaName":554,"dataGaLocation":489},"source code management",{"text":24,"config":556},{"href":125,"dataGaName":557,"dataGaLocation":489},"continuous integration & delivery",{"text":559,"config":560},"Value stream management",{"href":177,"dataGaName":561,"dataGaLocation":489},"value stream management",{"text":563,"config":564},"GitOps",{"href":565,"dataGaName":566,"dataGaLocation":489},"/solutions/gitops/","gitops",{"text":187,"config":568},{"href":189,"dataGaName":190,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":570,"config":571},"Small business",{"href":194,"dataGaName":195,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":573,"config":574},"Public sector",{"href":199,"dataGaName":200,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":576,"config":577},"Education",{"href":578,"dataGaName":579,"dataGaLocation":489},"/solutions/education/","education",{"text":581,"config":582},"Financial services",{"href":583,"dataGaName":584,"dataGaLocation":489},"/solutions/finance/","financial services",{"title":207,"links":586},[587,589,591,593,596,598,600,602,604,606,608,610,612],{"text":219,"config":588},{"href":221,"dataGaName":222,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":224,"config":590},{"href":226,"dataGaName":227,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":229,"config":592},{"href":231,"dataGaName":232,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":234,"config":594},{"href":236,"dataGaName":595,"dataGaLocation":489},"docs",{"text":257,"config":597},{"href":259,"dataGaName":5,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":252,"config":599},{"href":254,"dataGaName":255,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":261,"config":601},{"href":263,"dataGaName":264,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":274,"config":603},{"href":276,"dataGaName":277,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":266,"config":605},{"href":268,"dataGaName":269,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":279,"config":607},{"href":281,"dataGaName":282,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":284,"config":609},{"href":286,"dataGaName":287,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":289,"config":611},{"href":291,"dataGaName":292,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":294,"config":613},{"href":296,"dataGaName":297,"dataGaLocation":489},{"title":312,"links":615},[616,618,620,622,624,626,628,632,637,639,641,643],{"text":319,"config":617},{"href":321,"dataGaName":314,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":324,"config":619},{"href":326,"dataGaName":327,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":332,"config":621},{"href":334,"dataGaName":335,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":337,"config":623},{"href":339,"dataGaName":340,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":342,"config":625},{"href":344,"dataGaName":345,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":347,"config":627},{"href":349,"dataGaName":350,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":629,"config":630},"Sustainability",{"href":631,"dataGaName":629,"dataGaLocation":489},"/sustainability/",{"text":633,"config":634},"Diversity, inclusion and belonging (DIB)",{"href":635,"dataGaName":636,"dataGaLocation":489},"/diversity-inclusion-belonging/","Diversity, inclusion and belonging",{"text":352,"config":638},{"href":354,"dataGaName":355,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":362,"config":640},{"href":364,"dataGaName":365,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":367,"config":642},{"href":369,"dataGaName":370,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":644,"config":645},"Modern Slavery Transparency Statement",{"href":646,"dataGaName":647,"dataGaLocation":489},"https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/legal/modern-slavery-act-transparency-statement/","modern slavery transparency statement",{"title":649,"links":650},"Contact Us",[651,654,656,658,663,668,673],{"text":652,"config":653},"Contact an expert",{"href":52,"dataGaName":53,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":381,"config":655},{"href":383,"dataGaName":384,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":386,"config":657},{"href":388,"dataGaName":389,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":659,"config":660},"Status",{"href":661,"dataGaName":662,"dataGaLocation":489},"https://status.gitlab.com/","status",{"text":664,"config":665},"Terms of use",{"href":666,"dataGaName":667,"dataGaLocation":489},"/terms/","terms of use",{"text":669,"config":670},"Privacy statement",{"href":671,"dataGaName":672,"dataGaLocation":489},"/privacy/","privacy statement",{"text":674,"config":675},"Cookie preferences",{"dataGaName":676,"dataGaLocation":489,"id":677,"isOneTrustButton":106},"cookie preferences","ot-sdk-btn",{"items":679},[680,682,684],{"text":664,"config":681},{"href":666,"dataGaName":667,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":669,"config":683},{"href":671,"dataGaName":672,"dataGaLocation":489},{"text":674,"config":685},{"dataGaName":676,"dataGaLocation":489,"id":677,"isOneTrustButton":106},"content:shared:en-us:main-footer.yml","Main Footer","shared/en-us/main-footer.yml","shared/en-us/main-footer",[691],{"_path":692,"_dir":693,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"content":694,"config":698,"_id":700,"_type":29,"title":18,"_source":31,"_file":701,"_stem":702,"_extension":34},"/en-us/blog/authors/max-woolf","authors",{"name":18,"config":695},{"headshot":696,"ctfId":697},"https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749659488/Blog/Author%20Headshots/gitlab-logo-extra-whitespace.png","Max-Woolf",{"template":699},"BlogAuthor","content:en-us:blog:authors:max-woolf.yml","en-us/blog/authors/max-woolf.yml","en-us/blog/authors/max-woolf",{"_path":704,"_dir":37,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"header":705,"eyebrow":706,"blurb":707,"button":708,"secondaryButton":712,"_id":714,"_type":29,"title":715,"_source":31,"_file":716,"_stem":717,"_extension":34},"/shared/en-us/next-steps","Start shipping better software faster","50%+ of the Fortune 100 trust GitLab","See what your team can do with the intelligent\n\n\nDevSecOps platform.\n",{"text":45,"config":709},{"href":710,"dataGaName":48,"dataGaLocation":711},"https://gitlab.com/-/trial_registrations/new?glm_content=default-saas-trial&glm_source=about.gitlab.com/","feature",{"text":50,"config":713},{"href":52,"dataGaName":53,"dataGaLocation":711},"content:shared:en-us:next-steps.yml","Next Steps","shared/en-us/next-steps.yml","shared/en-us/next-steps",1758326247751]